Process and apparatus for reducing wear and tear in internal combustion engines



Dec. 2, 1941. w. NEUMANN 2,264,916

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING WEAR AND TEAR IN 4 f INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed March 20, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 lnvemar: WL ZZ lveu man 7: 5

Dec- 2, 19 1- w. NEUMANN 2,264,916 PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING WEAR AND TEAR IN I INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed March 20, 1939 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fig 2 6 6 F74 a 8 z8\\! I 10 I 25 3 M Z 23 I Inventor:

WL'ZZ v New 772 z 1112 W. NEUMANN PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING WEAR AND TEAR 6 3 m 4 w w .r N t 2 w w Dec. 2, 1941.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Flled March 20, 1939 Fig. 5

. lnventor: WLZE/V /Veu 7774 71 72 Patented Dec. 2, 1941 PROCESS AND -APPARATUSTOItREDUCING.

WEAR, AND TEAR IN INTERNAL COMBUS- TION ENGINES Willy N eumann, Rollberg over Bernau, near Berlin, Germany Application March 20, 1939, Serial No. 263,026

. In Germany September 19, 1938 14 Claims. (01. 123-14 The present invention relates to a process and an apparatus for-reducing wear and tear in internal combustion engines in particular in mod ern automobiles, and an essential characteristic or" the invention consists in that at definite intervals while continuously feeding fuel, the ignitionis switched off for short periods. A further characteristic of the invention consists in that the switching off of the ignition does not occur simultaneously for all'cylinders of the internal combustion engine but for each cylinder separately and thus for the cylinders in succession. 7

- .The apparatus for carrying out the process according to the invention is characterised in that in the ignition current circuit, a short circuiting apparatusis provided, which short circuits the ignition current circuit for each single cylinder at definite time intervals.

According to a further characteristic of the the sparking plugs 2 one after another. At each distributor position 5 the distributor 4 is provided a short circuiter 6, which consists of a l3, which has acam on its circumferenceand j corresponding to the four short circuiters 6, four contacts l6, [1. Thefeeding of the short circuitinvention the ignition short, circuiter in the ig- Y nition circuit consists of a magnet bobbin. and

an iron core standingunderspring tension and provided with a contact pin.

According to a further feature of the invention this short circuiter. is arranged either at the' distributor or at each sparking plugseparately or at any other definite place in the ignition circuit...

By the invention itis ensured that the piston swept part of the idling cylinder and all bearings etc. are lubricated, and at the same. time a cooling thereof is achieved. i i

The invention is more particularly described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which; 7 I

Fig. 1 shows a diagrammatic arrangement for carrying out the invention, in which the short circuiter is arranged at the ignition distributor. Figure 2 shows also, andpartly insection the arrangement of the short 'ci'rlcuiter at the ignition current distributor. I 1 Fig. 3 is a plan viewof Figure 2. 1y Figs. 4 and 5 show partly in section andpartly in elevation a device. by means of which a.

ers 6 with the short circuit currents is brought about through the connections I8 from a source of current I l to the resilient contact bows l6 and from the rigid contact pieces I 1 through the connections IS. A switch Zllserves to switch in and out the short circuitv apparatus. The drive of the shaft l3 of the contactdevice'l2 can be brought about in any way for example from the motor shaft or by means of a special drive.

In normal action the switch 20 is opened, the short circuiting apparatus is thus without'current and the sparking plugs 2 are fed in the usual *shaft l3 of' the contact device [2 started then short circuiter is provided -ver each sparking tributors feed the current in definite rotation to:

the short 'circ'u'iters are fed with current through I8--l6Il-l9 at definite time intervals. ,Since the contacts IS, IT, are always open until closed by the disc 14 and then the corresponding short circuiter 6 is fed with current. In the drawing the contact I6, IL'denoted by a is closed directly by the action of cam ii on the resilient contact bow It so that the short'circuiter denoted by b is fed with current through the contact a the leadfilli and the lead I9 jThe exciting of the bob-' bin 1 of this short circuiter brings it about that the iron core 8 is drawn in against the action of 'the spring l0, and thereby the contactpin 9 is brought into contact with the corresponding distributor'position 5, whereby a short circuiting of the sparking plug 2 corresponding to this position of the. distributor is brought about. On the further movement'of'the cam'disc l4 the'cam l5 releases the bow I6, the correspondingcontact is then again opened and therewith the shor j flcir c'uiting current interrupted until the cam" 15 on the further movement of'the disc l4 turns into the position of the next following contact bow in' the direction of rotation, and then'closes the contact, whereby the corresponding'short circuiter 6 is subjected to current. The deprivation of the short circuiter 6 of current has for effect that the iron core 8 with contact pin 9 by the tension of the spring III is drawn back again into the now currentless magnet bobbin 1, whereby the ignition current circuit of the sparking plug 2 concerned is again uninfluenced by the (short circuiting) current until the short circuit belonging to it is again put into function bythe contact device i2. In this manner little by little in repeated cycles each sparking plug is again short circuited. During this short circuiting no ignition thus takes place in the cylinder concerned, while the fuel supply is normal, so that this cylinder during the short circuiting period idles. Thereby an improved lubrication of the bearing surfaces of the cylinder and of the bearings is produced and simultaneously the cylinder concerned can cool for a short period.

In Figs. 2 and 3 is shown a practical example' of the constructive arrangement of the ignition current distributor with the short circuiting arrangement.

By 2| is denoted the usual distributor cap from which'the sparking plugs are provided with ignition current. In the contact holes 22 of this distributor cap which otherwise serves for taking up the ignition current cable ends is inserted an intermediate plug 24 which on its side takes up the contact pins 26 of the ignition cables 3 in holes 25. Above the holes 25 for the ignition cables are holes 21 for carrying the short circuiters 6. These contain in a casing 28, the magnet bobbin and the iron core with contact pin 9 standing under the tension of the spring III, which in the short circuit position of the short circuiter b in Fig. 1 contacts the contact pin 26 and thereby short circuits the ignition'current. The connection for the lead of the short circuiting circuit at the magnet bobbin 1 is brought about through the contact screws 29.

The method of operation follows according to the explanation given of Fig. 1.

In Figs. 4 and 5 the arrangement is so chosen that above each sparking plug 2, a short circuiter is directly arranged. Each short circuiter 6 which corresponds in general to those described in Figs. 1-3, is mounted in a casing 20 which is carried by a standard 3| or the like fastened to the cylinder block, so that the contact pin 9 of theiron core 8 of the short circuiter stands over the sparking plug 2 which on its side carries an upwardly extending contact pin 32 cooperating with the contact pin 9.

The manner of action of this apparatus corresponds to that according to Figs. 1-3. If the magnet bobbin 1 is energised by theshort circuiting current, it draws in the iron core 8, and

this while overcoming the tension of the spring l makes contact with the contact pin 32 of the sparking plug 2 by means of a contact pin 9 which sparking plug is then short circuited (c. f. the position of the central pin 9 in Fig. until again by interruption of the short circuiting current the magnet bobbin 1 becomes unenergised and thereby the iron core 8 is again moved back by the spring Ill into an inactive position so that the contact pin 9 is displaced from the sparking plug 2.

The invention is suitable for all kinds of internal combustion engines, in particular for aircraft engines. 7

I claim as my invention:

1. Method for reducing wear and tear in internal combustion engines, which consists in intermittently switching off the ignition for a short period regardless of the speed of the engine,

while uninterruptedly maintaining the fuel supply.

2. Method for reducing wear and tear in internal combustion engines, which consists in intermittently switching on the ignition for a short period from one cylinder at a time regardless of the speed of the engine and while uninterruptedly maintaining the fuel supply.

3. A method of reducing wear and tear in multi-cylinder internal combustion engines consisting in intermittently and successively rendering in operation the ignition means associated with respective cylinders regardless of the speed of the engine and while uninterruptedly maintaining the fuel supply.

4. In the operation of a fluid pressure engine comprising a cylinder, 2. piston displaceable in said cylinder, means for providing an ignitable fuel-air mixture within the cylinder and electrical means for igniting said mixture, the process of preventing the operation of said igniting means for a short periodoi time regardless of the speed of the engine without discontinuing to introduce ignitable fuel-air mixture intothe cylinder in order to prolong the life of said engine.

5. Apparatus for diminishing wear and tear in internal combustion engines, comprising a short circuiter in the ignition circuit which short circuits the ignition circuit fora definite period at definite intervals, a contact device, and a source of current for energizing said short circuiter through said contact device.

6. Apparatus for diminishing wear and tear in internal combustion engines comprising a contact device, a number of short circuiters each consisting of a magnet bobbin, 9. core slidable in said bobbin under the action of a spring and a contact pin on said core, said magnet bobbin being energized from a source ofycurrent through the contact device.

'7. An apparatus for diminishing wear and tear in internal combustion engines comprising an ignition circuit distributor and short circuiters mounted on said distributor.

8. An apparatus for diminishing wear and tear in internal combustion engines comprising a short circuiter arranged above each spark plug of the said engine, each circuiter consists of a magnet bobbin, core slidable in said bobbin under the action of a spring, and a contact pin on said core.

9. An apparatus for diminishing wear and tear in internal combustion engines comprising a source of current a number of short circuiters, adapted to short circuit. the ignition of said engine, connections'between same and a switch device consisting of a cam disc adapted to be rotated by said engine and contacts adapted to be closed by said cam disc.

10. A fluid pressure engine comprising the combination with a cylinder, a piston displaceable in said cylinder, means for providing an ignitable fuel-air mixture within the cylinder and electrical meansfor igniting said mixture, of short circuiting means for intermittently rendering inoperative said igniting means for a definite period at definite intervals. I

11. In a fluid pressure'engine which comprises a cylinder, 9. piston displaceable in said cylinder, means for providing an ignitable fuel-air mixture within the cylinder and'electrical means for igniting the mixture, the provision of short circuiting means for intermittently rendering inoperative said igniting means and means for short circuiting said ignition means for a definite period at definite intervals.

12. A fluid pressure engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, a piston displaceable in each one of said cylinders, means for providing an ignitable fuel-air mixture in each of the cylinders, electrical means for igniting said mixtures and means for intermitting rendering inoperative said igniting means by short circuiting said ignition means for definite intervals.

13. A fluid pressure engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, a plurality of pistons associated therewith, means for introducing ignitable fuel-air mixture successively into said cylinders,

electrical means for successively igniting the mixture in each cylinder and means for successively and intermittently rendering inoperative said igniting means by short circuiting said ignition means for definite intervals.

14. An engine according to claim 13, in which saidmeans for successively, and intermittently rendering inoperative the igniting means associated with each cylinder consists in a device for 10 short circuiting said igniting means.

WILLY NEUMANNL 

